Parenting styles refer to the characteristic strategies and approaches that parents use in raising their children. These styles are generally classified into four main categories: authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful.

1. **Authoritative**: This style combines warmth and structure. Authoritative parents set clear expectations and rules while also being responsive to their children’s needs and fostering independence. It tends to promote healthy development and positive outcomes in children.

2. **Authoritarian**: Authoritarian parents impose strict rules and expectations, often valuing obedience and discipline over warmth and emotional support. This style may lead to compliance but can also result in a lack of self-esteem and social skills in children.

3. **Permissive**: Permissive parents are lenient and indulgent, providing few rules or boundaries. They prioritize their child’s freedom and autonomy, which can lead to an inability to regulate behavior and a lack of responsibility.

4. **Neglectful**: Neglectful parents are disengaged and uninvolved in their children’s lives, often failing to provide guidance or emotional support. This style can have detrimental effects on a child’s development and well-being.

Overall, parenting styles significantly influence children’s behavior, emotional well-being, and social competence.