Aviation incidents refer to occurrences that take place during the operation of an aircraft and have implications for safety, but do not result in a serious accident or significant damage. These incidents can include a wide range of events, such as technical malfunctions, near-misses, fuel shortages, emergency landings, and safety breaches. They may involve aircraft, personnel, and ground operations, and are often investigated to determine their causes and to improve safety measures. The distinction between an incident and an accident is generally based on the severity of the outcome, where accidents result in injury, fatalities, or substantial damage. Aviation incidents are critical data points for understanding risks and enhancing aviation safety protocols.